BlueRipple Health

Journal Articles

Each entry analyzes one primary study behind cardiovascular prevention — the trials, genetic studies, and cohorts that built the evidence base. We explain what it found, why it matters, and how much weight it deserves, rating every source for evidence strength and clinical significance.

388 analyses

Coronary Artery Anomalies in Patients with a Zero Calcium Score

Abdalla et al., 2020 · Retrospective cross-sectional imaging study

65

Image Quality for High Heart Rates in Coronary CT Angiography: the CONVERGE Registry

Abdelkarim et al., 2023 · Prospective observational multicenter cohort study

55

Mutations in PCSK9 Cause Autosomal Dominant Hypercholesterolemia

Abifadel et al., 2003 · Genetic linkage study

85

Sudden Cardiac Death: Epidemiology and Risk Factors

Adabag et al., 2010 · Narrative review

80

Risks of Incident Cardiovascular Disease With Concomitant Elevations in Lipoprotein(a) and LDL Cholesterol — The Framingham Heart Study

Afshar et al., 2020 · Prospective cohort study

80

Non-HDL Cholesterol, Apolipoprotein B, and HDL Cholesterol With Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death: the ARIC Study

Agarwal et al., 2012 · Prospective cohort study

85

Niacin in Patients with Low HDL Cholesterol Levels Receiving Intensive Statin Therapy (AIM-HIGH)

AIM-HIGH Investigators, 2011 · Randomized controlled trial

92

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Stable Angina (ORBITA)

Al-Lamee et al., 2018 · Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial

90

Effect of EPA and DHA Added to Statin Therapy on Coronary Artery Plaque in Patients With CAD

Alfaddagh et al., 2017 · Randomized controlled trial

75

OCT Compared With IVUS and Angiography to Guide Coronary Stent Implantation (ILUMIEN III: OPTIMIZE PCI)

Ali et al., 2016 · Randomized controlled trial

80

Major Outcomes in High-Risk Hypertensive Patients Randomized to ACE Inhibitor or Calcium Channel Blocker vs Diuretic (ALLHAT)

ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group, 2002 · Randomized controlled trial

95

Pravastatin vs Usual Care in Hypertensive Patients With Moderate Hypercholesterolemia (ALLHAT-LLT)

ALLHAT Officers and Coordinators, 2002 · Randomized controlled open-label trial

70

Incidence of ASCVD in Young Adults at Low Short-Term but High Long-Term Risk

An et al., 2023 · Retrospective cohort study

85

Coronary CT Angiography as a 'One-Stop Shop' to Detect the High-Risk Plaque and the Vulnerable Patient

Antoniades and West, 2021 · Commentary

35

Leisure Time Physical Activity and Mortality: A Detailed Pooled Analysis of the Dose-Response Relationship

Arem et al., 2015 · Pooled cohort analysis

92

Impact of Exercise on the Relationship Between CAC Scores and All-Cause Mortality

Arnson et al., 2017 · Prospective observational cohort study

80

Lipoprotein(a) Levels, Genotype, and Incident Aortic Valve Stenosis

Arsenault et al., 2014 · Prospective cohort with Mendelian randomization

85

Efficacy and Safety of More Intensive Lowering of LDL Cholesterol: A Meta-Analysis of 26 Randomised Trials

Baigent et al., 2010 · Meta-analysis

98

Myocardial Viability Assessment During Impella Support With 18-FDG PET Imaging

Baldetti et al., 2025 · Case series

30

Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Bempedoic Acid: CLEAR Harmony Open-Label Extension

Ballantyne et al., 2022 · Phase 3 open-label extension

55

VLDL Cholesterol Accounts for One-Half of the Risk of Myocardial Infarction Associated With apoB-Containing Lipoproteins

Balling et al., 2020 · Prospective cohort study

80

Statin–Ezetimibe Combination Therapy vs Statin Monotherapy on Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis

Banach et al., 2025 · Meta-analysis

90

Worldwide Prevalence of Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Meta-Analyses of 11 Million Subjects

Beheshti et al., 2020 · Systematic review and meta-analysis

88

Improving Prediction of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease Using Apolipoprotein B: the Copenhagen City Heart Study

Benn et al., 2007 · Prospective cohort study

85

Association Between Multiple Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Atherosclerosis in Children and Young Adults (Bogalusa Heart Study)

Berenson et al., 1998 · Autopsy study with antemortem risk factor assessment

90

A New Serum Type System in Man — the Lp System

Berg, 1963 · Original research (case series)

70

A Novel Function of Lipoprotein(a) as a Preferential Carrier of Oxidized Phospholipids in Human Plasma

Bergmark et al., 2008 · Laboratory / mechanistic study

78

Prevalence of Subclinical Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in the General Population

Bergström et al., 2021 · Cross-sectional population study

90

Apolipoproteins as Predictors of Ischaemic Stroke in Patients With a Previous Transient Ischaemic Attack

Bhatia et al., 2006 · Prospective cohort study

60

Cardiovascular Risk Reduction with Icosapent Ethyl for Hypertriglyceridemia (REDUCE-IT)

Bhatt et al., 2019 · Randomized controlled trial

94

Effect of Alirocumab on Lipoprotein(a) and Cardiovascular Risk After Acute Coronary Syndrome

Bittner et al., 2020 · Pre-specified analysis of randomized trial

90

Optimal Medical Therapy With or Without PCI for Stable Coronary Disease (COURAGE)

Boden et al., 2007 · Randomized controlled trial

90

Niacin in Patients With Low HDL Cholesterol Levels Receiving Intensive Statin Therapy (AIM-HIGH)

Boden et al., 2011 · Randomized controlled trial

85

Increased Stroke Risk and Lipoprotein(a) in a Multiethnic Community: The Northern Manhattan Stroke Study

Boden-Albala et al., 2010 · Case-control study

65

LDL, Non-HDL Cholesterol, and Apolipoprotein B and Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Statin-Treated Patients: A Meta-Analysis

Boekholdt et al., 2012 · Meta-analysis

85

Apolipoprotein(a) Gene Accounts for Greater Than 90% of the Variation in Plasma Lipoprotein(a) Concentrations

Boerwinkle et al., 1992 · Genetic / family study

85

Functional Outcome After Revascularization in Chronic Ischemic Heart Disease: A Late Gadolinium Enhancement CMR Study

Bondarenko et al., 2007 · Prospective imaging study

55

Autotaxin Derived From Lipoprotein(a) and Valve Interstitial Cells Promotes Inflammation and Mineralization of the Aortic Valve

Bouchareb et al., 2015 · Mechanistic / translational study

70

Interaction of Autotaxin With Lipoprotein(a) in Patients With Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis

Bourgeois et al., 2020 · Case-control study with biochemical analyses

70

Lipoprotein Proteomics and Aortic Valve Transcriptomics Identify Pathways Linking Lp(a) to Aortic Stenosis

Bourgeois et al., 2021 · Multi-omic observational study

55

Calcium Scoring Improves Clinical Management in Patients With Low Clinical Likelihood of Coronary Artery Disease

Brix et al., 2024 · Retrospective cohort study

75

Association Between IVUS Findings and Adverse Outcomes in Coronary Artery Disease (VIVA Study)

Calvert et al., 2011 · Prospective cohort study

75

Ezetimibe Added to Statin Therapy After Acute Coronary Syndromes (IMPROVE-IT)

Cannon et al., 2015 · Randomized controlled trial

90

Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics, and Mortality Among Patients With Myocardial Infarction Presenting Without Chest Pain

Canto et al., 2000 · Prospective cohort study

85

Apolipoprotein B Discordance With LDL and Non-HDL Cholesterol in Relation to Coronary Artery Calcification (MESA)

Cao et al., 2020 · Prospective cohort study

85

Accuracy and Limitation of Plaque Detection by Coronary CTA: A Comparison With Optical Coherence Tomography

Cao et al., 2023 · Diagnostic accuracy study

78

Oxidized Phospholipids, Lipoprotein(a), and Progression of Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis

Capoulade et al., 2015 · Prospective cohort study

86

ApoCIII-Lp(a) Complexes With Lp(a)-OxPL Predict Rapid Progression of Aortic Stenosis

Capoulade et al., 2020 · Prospective cohort study with molecular analyses

70

How Early Can Atherosclerosis Be Detected by Coronary CT Angiography? Insights From the PARADIGM Trial

Cardoso et al., 2023 · Retrospective observational study

70

Association of Coronary Artery Calcium in Adults Aged 32 to 46 Years With Incident Coronary Heart Disease and Death

Carr et al., 2017 · Prospective cohort study

91

Prevention of Venous Thrombosis in Long-Haul Flights With Flite Tabs (LONFLIT-FLITE)

Cesarone et al., 2003 · Randomized controlled trial

60

Lipoprotein(a) in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects and Its Relationship to Diabetic Microvascular Complications

Chandni and Ramamoorthy, 2012 · Cross-sectional study

35

Cerebellar Hemorrhage Provoked by Combined Use of Nattokinase and Aspirin in a Patient With Cerebral Microbleeds

Chang et al., 2008 · Case report

20

Effects of Natto Extract on Endothelial Injury in a Rat Model

Chang et al., 2010 · Experimental animal and in vitro study

35

Chen and Wang, 2020 (BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care)

Chen and Wang, 2020

Management of Atherosclerosis Progress and Hyperlipidemia With Nattokinase: A Clinical Study With 1,062 Participants

Chen et al., 2022 · Retrospective clinical study

50

IVUS-Guided vs Angiography-Guided Stent Implantation in Complex Coronary Lesions (AVIO)

Chieffo et al., 2013 · Randomized controlled trial

70

Quantifying the Contribution of Lipoprotein(a) to All apoB-Containing Particles

Chilazi et al., 2022 · Cross-sectional database analysis

75

Efficacy and Safety of LDL-Lowering Therapy Among Men and Women: Meta-Analysis of 174,000 Participants

Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' Collaboration, 2015 · Meta-analysis of randomized trials

95

Coronary Artery Calcium Score, Risk Factors, and Incident Coronary Heart Disease Events

Church et al., 2007 · Prospective cohort study

75

Genetic Variants Associated With Lp(a) Lipoprotein Level and Coronary Disease

Clarke et al., 2009 · Genetic association study

85

Low LDL Cholesterol in Individuals of African Descent Resulting From Frequent Nonsense Mutations in PCSK9

Cohen et al., 2005 · Genetic association study

90

Variance in the Composition and Number of VLDL and LDL Particles With Increasing Triglyceride or ApoB Concentrations

Cole et al., 2025 · Observational cohort analysis

75

Reference Intervals for Plasma Apolipoprotein B: Results From the Framingham Offspring Study

Contois et al., 1996 · Cross-sectional study

75

Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Brain Metabolism in Middle-Aged Individuals: The PESA Study

Cortes-Canteli et al., 2021 · Prospective cohort study

75

LDL Particle Number and Risk of Future Cardiovascular Disease in the Framingham Offspring Study

Cromwell et al., 2007 · Prospective cohort study

85

Efficacy and Safety of More Intensive Lowering of LDL Cholesterol: A Meta-Analysis of 26 Randomised Trials

CTT Collaboration, 2010 · Meta-analysis of randomized trials

98

A Novel Approach to Measuring Macrophage-Specific Reverse Cholesterol Transport In Vivo in Humans

Cuchel et al., 2017 · Feasibility study

70

Large-Scale Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Day et al., 2018 · Genome-wide meta-analysis

85

Fractional Flow Reserve–Guided PCI Versus Medical Therapy in Stable Coronary Disease (FAME 2)

De Bruyne et al., 2012 · Randomized controlled trial

90

Parametric Imaging of Myocardial Viability Using 15O-Labelled Water and PET/CT

de Haan et al., 2012 · Validation study

70

Intravascular Ultrasound-Guided Optimized Stent Deployment (MUSIC Study)

de Jaegere et al., 1998 · Prospective observational study

60

Mediterranean Diet and the Rate of Cardiovascular Complications After Myocardial Infarction (Lyon Diet Heart Study)

de Lorgeril et al., 1999 · Randomized controlled trial

80

Diagnostic Performance of Combined Cardiac MRI for Detection of Coronary Artery Disease

de Mello et al., 2012 · Diagnostic accuracy study

55

Modified Calcium Subtraction in Dual-Energy CT Angiography of the Lower Extremity Runoff

De Santis et al., 2019 · Retrospective diagnostic accuracy study

72

Women Who Experience a Myocardial Infarction at a Young Age Have Worse Outcomes Compared With Men (YOUNG-MI)

DeFilippis et al., 2020 · Retrospective cohort study

78

Representation of Women in Cardiovascular Clinical Trial Leadership

Denby et al., 2020 · Cross-sectional study

62

Coronary Calcium as a Predictor of Coronary Events in Four Racial or Ethnic Groups (MESA)

Detrano et al., 2008 · Prospective cohort study

85

Major Lipids, Apolipoproteins, and Risk of Vascular Disease

Di Angelantonio et al., 2009 · Meta-analysis

95

Lipid-Related Markers and Cardiovascular Disease Prediction

Di Angelantonio et al., 2012 · Meta-analysis

95

Common Variants Associated With Plasma Triglycerides and Risk for Coronary Artery Disease

Do et al., 2013 · Mendelian randomization / GWAS

90

Pravastatin Versus Placebo in Pregnancies at High Risk of Term Preeclampsia

Döbert et al., 2021 · Randomized controlled trial

88

Time Course of LDL Cholesterol Exposure and Cardiovascular Disease Event Risk

Domanski et al., 2020 · Prospective cohort study

87

Simvastatin Alleviates Pathology in a Rat Model of Preeclampsia Involving the ERK/MAPK Pathway

Dong et al., 2017 · Animal study

25

One-Year Disability Trajectories and Long-Term Cardiovascular Events, Recurrent Stroke, and Mortality After Ischemic Stroke

Du et al., 2024 · Prospective cohort study

70

DuBroff, 2019 (BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine)

DuBroff, 2019 · Commentary

Family History and Lipoprotein(a) Contribute Independently to Risk Assessment and Clinical Management

Durrington, 2020 · Editorial commentary

45

Warranty Period of a Calcium Score of Zero: Comprehensive Analysis From MESA

Dzaye et al., 2020 · Prospective cohort analysis

88

Temporal Trends and Interest in Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring Over Time: An Infodemiology Study

Dzaye et al., 2021 · Infodemiology study

45

Consequence of Patient Substitution of Nattokinase for Warfarin After Mechanical Aortic Valve Replacement

Elahi et al., 2015 · Case report

15

Phenotypic Characterization of Genetically Lowered Human Lipoprotein(a) Levels

Emdin et al., 2016 · Mendelian randomization

90

Lipoprotein(a) Concentration and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease, Stroke, and Nonvascular Mortality

Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration, 2009 · Meta-analysis

92

Statins and Lp(a) — The Plot Thickens

Enkhmaa and Berglund, 2019 · Editorial commentary

48

Apolipoprotein B Outperforms LDL Particle Number as a Marker of Cardiovascular Risk in the UK Biobank

Epstein et al., 2025 · Prospective cohort study

85

Prevalence and Extent of Coronary Artery Disease Determined by 64-Slice CTA in Patients With a Zero Coronary Calcium Score

Ergün et al., 2011 · Retrospective diagnostic imaging study

75

Serum Pharmacokinetics of Nattokinase in Humans Following a Single Oral Daily Dose

Ero et al., 2013 · Pilot clinical trial

35

Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease With a Mediterranean Diet (PREDIMED)

Estruch et al., 2018 · Randomized controlled trial

85

Serrapeptase and Nattokinase Intervention for Relieving Alzheimer's Disease Pathophysiology in a Rat Model

Fadl et al., 2013 · Animal study

30

Effect of Long-Term Exposure to Lower LDL Cholesterol Beginning Early in Life on the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease

Ference et al., 2012 · Mendelian randomization

88

Triglyceride-Lowering LPL Variants and LDL-Lowering LDLR Variants With Risk of Coronary Heart Disease

Ference et al., 2019 · Mendelian randomization

90

The Atherosclerotic Profile of a Young Symptomatic Population: Coronary CT Angiography or Calcium Score?

Feuchtner et al., 2021 · Retrospective cohort study

78

Test of Effect of Lipid Lowering by Diet on Cardiovascular Risk (The Minnesota Coronary Survey)

Frantz et al., 1989 · Randomized controlled trial

75

Thrombolytic Effect of Nattokinase on a Chemically Induced Thrombosis Model in Rat

Fujita et al., 1995 · Animal study

32

Vitamin K Intake From Natto and Bone Mineral Density in Elderly Japanese Men (FORMEN Study)

Fujita et al., 2012 · Cross-sectional study

72

IVUS-Guided Bail-Out Stent Implantation for Iatrogenic Aortocoronary Dissection: A Case Report

Fukui and Ogasawara, 2023 · Case report

15

Coronary CT Angiography and Stress Echocardiography With Long-Term Cardiac Outcome: A Comparison Study

Gaibazzi et al., 2023 · Retrospective cohort study

75

Data Recorded in Real Life Support the Safety of Nattokinase in Patients With Vascular Diseases

Gallelli et al., 2021 · Prospective observational study

52

Effects of Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes on Lipoprotein Subclass Particle Size and Concentration (NMR)

Garvey et al., 2003 · Cross-sectional study

75

Deep Learning to Classify AL Versus ATTR Cardiac Amyloidosis MR Images

Germain et al., 2023 · Retrospective diagnostic study

55

Rationale and Design of ApoA-I Event Reducing in Ischemic Syndromes II (AEGIS-II)

Gibson et al., 2021 · Trial protocol

70

Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Evolocumab in High-Risk Patients With Low LDL or on Maximal-Potency Statin (FOURIER Secondary Analysis)

Giugliano and Keech et al., 2017 · Secondary analysis of RCT

85

Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Achieving Very Low LDL With Evolocumab (FOURIER Secondary Analysis)

Giugliano et al., 2017 · Randomized controlled trial (prespecified secondary analysis)

90

Rosuvastatin for Primary Prevention in Older Individuals With High C-Reactive Protein and Low LDL (JUPITER Analysis)

Glynn et al., 2010 · Secondary analysis of randomized controlled trial

75

Impact of Coronary Artery Calcification on All-Cause Mortality in Individuals With and Without Hypertension

Graham et al., 2012 · Prospective cohort study

85

Interplay of Coronary Artery Calcium and Risk Factors for Predicting CVD/CHD Mortality: The CAC Consortium

Grandhi et al., 2020 · Multicenter cohort study

88

Lipoprotein(a) Concentration and Risks of Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes

Gudbjartsson et al., 2019 · Case-control with Mendelian randomization

88

Ultra-High-Resolution Photon-Counting Detector CT in Evaluating Coronary Stent Patency

Hagar et al., 2024 · Comparative diagnostic study

45

Apolipoprotein B, Residual Cardiovascular Risk After Acute Coronary Syndrome, and Effects of Alirocumab

Hagström et al., 2022 · Post-hoc analysis of randomized controlled trial

85

EPA and DHA Supplementation and Coronary Artery Calcium Progression in Patients With CAD

Hariri et al., 2023 · Randomized controlled trial (secondary analysis)

58

Antioxidative Effect of Crude Antioxidant Preparation From Soybean Fermented by Bacillus natto

Hattori et al., 1995 · In vitro study

25

MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of Cholesterol Lowering With Simvastatin in 20,536 High-Risk Individuals

Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group, 2002 · Randomized controlled trial

95

Hecht et al., 2005 (American Heart Journal)

Hecht et al., 2005

Premature Atherosclerosis Associated With Monogenic Insulin Resistance

Hegele, 2001 · Observational study

45

Lower Extremity Arterial Disease: Multidetector CT Angiography Meta-Analysis

Heijenbrok-Kal et al., 2007 · Meta-analysis

78

PCSK9 Inhibitor Therapy: Payer Approvals and Rejections, and Patient Characteristics for Successful Prescribing

Hess et al., 2017 · Retrospective cohort study

80

Nattokinase Atherothrombotic Prevention Study: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Hodis et al., 2021 · Randomized controlled trial

75

Genome-Wide Association Study Highlights APOH as a Novel Locus for Lipoprotein(a) Levels

Hoekstra et al., 2021 · Genome-wide association study

85

Effect of Gliadin on Permeability of Intestinal Biopsy Explants From Celiac and Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity Patients

Hollon et al., 2015 · Controlled clinical trial (ex vivo)

50

Comparative Analysis of Apolipoprotein B and LDL Cholesterol for Estimating CHD Risk in Established Coronary Disease

Holme et al., 2010 · Post-hoc analysis of RCTs

85

IVUS-Guided vs Angiography-Guided Everolimus-Eluting Stent Implantation (IVUS-XPL)

Hong et al., 2015 · Randomized controlled trial

88

Effects of an ACE Inhibitor, Ramipril, on Cardiovascular Events in High-Risk Patients (HOPE)

HOPE Study Investigators, 2000 · Randomized controlled trial

90

Lipoprotein(a) Genetic Variants Associated With Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Disease But Not Stroke (Heart Protection Study)

Hopewell et al., 2011 · Genetic epidemiology study

86

Impact of Lipoprotein(a) Levels and Apolipoprotein(a) Isoform Size on Risk of Coronary Heart Disease

Hopewell et al., 2014 · Case-control study

78

Side Effect Patterns in a Crossover Trial of Statin, Placebo, and No Treatment (SAMSON)

Howard et al., 2021 · Randomized crossover trial

82

Effects of Extended-Release Niacin With Laropiprant in High-Risk Patients (HPS2-THRIVE)

HPS2-THRIVE Collaborative Group, 2014 · Randomized controlled trial

90

Amyloid-Degrading Ability of Nattokinase From Bacillus subtilis natto

Hsu et al., 2009 · In vitro study

30

Prevalence of Familial Hypercholesterolemia Among the General Population and Patients With ASCVD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hu et al., 2020 · Systematic review and meta-analysis

92

Prediction of Future Cardiovascular Disease With an Equation to Estimate Apolipoprotein B (TNT and IDEAL)

Hwang et al., 2017 · Post-hoc analysis of RCTs

75

Annual Rate of Coronary Artery Calcification With PCSK9 Inhibitor Plus Statin Versus Statin Monotherapy

Ikegami et al., 2018 · Retrospective cohort study

45

Randomised Trial of Intravenous Streptokinase, Oral Aspirin, Both, or Neither Among 17,187 Cases of Suspected Acute Myocardial Infarction (ISIS-2)

ISIS-2 Collaborative Group, 1988 · Randomized controlled trial

95

Antioxidative Functions of Natto: Effect on LDL Oxidation and Lipid Metabolism in Cholesterol-Fed Rats

Iwai et al., 2002 · Animal study

25

Nattokinase Improves Blood Flow by Inhibiting Platelet Aggregation and Thrombus Formation

Jang et al., 2013 · Animal study

30

Tirzepatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Obesity (SURMOUNT-1)

Jastreboff et al., 2022 · Randomized controlled trial

88

Distribution of Coronary Artery Calcium by Age, Sex, and Race Among Patients 30–45 Years Old

Javaid et al., 2022 · Cross-sectional cohort study

85

Mechanisms of Nattokinase in Protection of Cerebral Ischemia

Ji et al., 2014 · Animal study

30

Association Between LDL Cholesterol and All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Denmark

Johannesen et al., 2020 · Prospective cohort study

72

Apolipoprotein B and Non-HDL Cholesterol Better Reflect Residual Risk Than LDL Cholesterol in Statin-Treated Patients

Johannesen et al., 2021 · Prospective cohort study

75

Excess Apolipoprotein B and Cardiovascular Risk in Women and Men

Johannesen et al., 2024 · Prospective cohort study

85

Genetically Elevated Lipoprotein(a) and Increased Risk of Myocardial Infarction

Kamstrup et al., 2009 · Mendelian randomization

82

Elevated Lipoprotein(a) and Risk of Aortic Valve Stenosis in the General Population

Kamstrup et al., 2014 · Mendelian randomization study

90

Korean Red Ginseng Combined With Nattokinase Ameliorates Dyslipidemia and Aortic Plaque in High-Cholesterol-Diet Rabbits

Kang et al., 2014 · Animal study

25

Association of Soy and Fermented Soy Product Intake with Total and Cause-Specific Mortality

Katagiri et al., 2020 · Prospective cohort study

80

Natto Consumption Suppresses Atherosclerotic Plaque Progression in LDL Receptor-Deficient Mice

Kawamata et al., 2023 · Animal study

35

Incomplete source record

Khan and Khan, 2020 · Unknown

0

Ten-Year Trends in Enrollment of Women and Minorities in Pivotal Cardiometabolic Trials

Khan et al., 2020 · Cross-sectional analysis

65

Association of Women Authors with Women Enrollment in Clinical Trials of Atrial Fibrillation

Khan et al., 2022 · Meta-analysis

60

The Use of Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Identify Reversible Myocardial Dysfunction

Kim et al., 2000 · Prospective cohort study

82

Effects of Nattokinase on Blood Pressure: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

Kim et al., 2008 · Randomized controlled trial

78

Randomized Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Between IVUS and Angiography-Guided DES Implantation for Long Coronary Artery Stenoses

Kim et al., 2013 · Randomized controlled trial

65

N-Acetylcysteine Increases Corneal Endothelial Cell Survival in a Mouse Model of Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy

Kim et al., 2014 · Animal study

45

Left Heart Catheterization Using the Single Catheter Radial Approach with the Multipurpose Catheter

Kindya et al., 2022 · Technical report

30

Catheter-Induced Coronary Artery and Aortic Dissections: Mechanisms, Risk Factors and Propagation

Klaudel et al., 2024 · Retrospective cohort study

75

Accelerated Cardiac MRI with Deep Learning-Based Image Reconstruction for Cine Imaging

Klemenz et al., 2024 · Prospective cohort study

55

Cardiac and Respiratory Motion Correction for Simultaneous Cardiac PET/MR

Kolbitsch et al., 2017 · Technical validation study

35

Eicosapentaenoic Acid Therapy Is Associated with Decreased Coronary Plaque Instability Assessed Using Optical Frequency Domain Imaging

Konishi et al., 2019 · Retrospective cohort study

55

Preclinical Development and Phase 1 Trial of a Novel siRNA Targeting Lipoprotein(a)

Koren et al., 2022 · Phase 1 clinical trial

75

Apolipoprotein(a) Size Heterogeneity Is Related to Variable Number of Repeat Sequences in Its mRNA

Koschinsky et al., 1990 · In vitro study

80

Apolipoprotein A-I-Mediated Efflux of Sterols from Oxidized LDL-Loaded Macrophages

Kritharides et al., 1995 · Laboratory study

78

Blood Pressure Usually Considered Normal Is Associated with an Elevated Risk of Cardiovascular Disease

Kshirsagar et al., 2006 · Prospective cohort study

80

Coronary CT Angiography as a Guide to Timing of Invasive Treatment in Patients With NSTEACS

Kühl et al., 2023 · Expert commentary

40

A Single-Dose of Oral Nattokinase Potentiates Thrombolysis and Anti-Coagulation Profiles

Kurosawa et al., 2015 · Randomized controlled trial

70

C-Reactive Protein and Cardiovascular Risk in the General Population

Kurt et al., 2025 · Prospective cohort study

90

Molecular Basis of Apolipoprotein(a) Isoform Size Heterogeneity as Revealed by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis

Lackner et al., 1991 · Cross-sectional study

82

Hyperinsulinemia and the Risk of Cardiovascular Death and Acute Coronary and Cerebrovascular Events in Men

Lakka et al., 2000 · Prospective cohort study

75

Prevalence of Dyslipidemic Phenotypes in Ischemic Heart Disease

Lamarche et al., 1995 · Prospective cohort study

75

Apolipoprotein A-I and B Levels and the Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease During a Five-Year Follow-Up

Lamarche et al., 1996 · Prospective cohort study

85

Small, Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Particles as a Predictor of the Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease in Men

Lamarche et al., 1997 · Prospective cohort study

85

Coronary Artery Calcium Score and Coronary Heart Disease Events in a Large Cohort of Asymptomatic Men and Women

LaMonte et al., 2005 · Prospective cohort study

82

Apolipoprotein B, Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins, and Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Persons with CKD

Lamprea-Montealegre et al., 2020 · Prospective cohort study

85

Fasting and Nonfasting Lipid Levels and Cardiovascular Risk Prediction

Langsted et al., 2008 · Prospective cohort study

82

Fasting and Nonfasting Apolipoprotein B-100 and Apolipoprotein A-I and Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease and Total Mortality

Langsted et al., 2011 · Prospective cohort study

90

Elevated Lipoprotein(a) and Risk of Ischemic Stroke

Langsted et al., 2019 · Prospective cohort study

82

Intensive Lipid Lowering with Atorvastatin in Patients with Stable Coronary Disease (TNT Trial)

LaRosa et al., 2005 · Randomized controlled trial

95

Ultra-High-Resolution Coronary CT Angiography for Assessment of Patients with Severe Coronary Artery Calcification

Latina et al., 2021 · Prospective cohort study

50

Asymptomatic Subjects with Zero Coronary Calcium Score: Coronary CT Angiographic Features of Plaques in Event-Prone Patients

Lee et al., 2013 · Prospective cohort study

78

Intravascular Imaging-Guided or Angiography-Guided Complex PCI (RENOVATE-COMPLEX-PCI)

Lee et al., 2023 · Randomized controlled trial

90

Immunoassay of Plasma Low-Density Lipoproteins

Lees, 1970 · Laboratory study

50

Oxidized Phospholipids Are Present on Plasminogen, Affect Fibrinolysis and Increase Following Acute Myocardial Infarction

Leibundgut et al., 2012 · Translational study

82

Coronary CT Angiography: Reversal of Earlier Utilization Trends

Levin et al., 2019 · Health services research

55

Apolipoprotein B Versus LDL-C for Predicting Coronary Heart Disease in Type 2 Diabetes

Li et al., 2021 · Retrospective cohort study

75

Intravascular Ultrasound-Guided Versus Angiography-Guided PCI in Acute Coronary Syndromes (IVUS-ACS)

Li et al., 2024 · Randomized controlled trial

88

Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Obesity without Diabetes (SELECT Trial)

Lincoff et al., 2023 · Randomized controlled trial

98

Prevention of Cardiovascular Events and Death with Pravastatin in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease (LIPID Trial)

LIPID Study Group, 1998 · Randomized controlled trial

90

Lipid-Lowering, Antihypertensive, and Antithrombotic Effects of Nattokinase Combined with Red Yeast Rice in Stable CAD

Liu et al., 2024 · Randomized controlled trial

55

National Trends in Statin Use by Coronary Heart Disease Risk Category

Ma et al., 2005 · Cross-sectional analysis

75

Number of Offspring and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Men and Women

Magnus et al., 2017 · Prospective cohort study

70

Detection of Cardiovascular Disease in Elite Athletes Using Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Mangold et al., 2013 · Prospective observational study

45

Effect of the Number of Apolipoprotein(a) Kringle 4 Domains on Immunochemical Measurements of Lipoprotein(a)

Marcovina et al., 1995 · Laboratory study

85

Use of a Reference Material to Evaluate Analytical Methods for the Determination of Plasma Lipoprotein(a)

Marcovina et al., 2000 · Laboratory study

80

Initial Invasive or Conservative Strategy for Stable Coronary Disease (ISCHEMIA Trial)

Maron et al., 2020 · Randomized controlled trial

98

Association of Apolipoprotein B-Containing Lipoproteins and Risk of Myocardial Infarction With and Without Atherosclerosis

Marston et al., 2022 · Prospective cohort study

85

On the Structure of Human Serum Low Density Lipoprotein

Mateu et al., 1972 · In vitro study

75

Psychological Factors and Their Association with Ideal Cardiovascular Health Among Women and Men

Mathews et al., 2018 · Cross-sectional observational study

50

Incremental Effects of Eicosapentaenoic Acid on Cardiovascular Events in Statin-Treated Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Matsuzaki et al., 2009 · Randomized controlled trial

80

Association of Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors with Microscopic Qualities of Coronary Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY)

McGill et al., 2000 · Autopsy cohort study

92

cDNA Sequence of Human Apolipoprotein(a) Is Homologous to Plasminogen

McLean et al., 1987 · In vitro study

75

Lipids, Lipoproteins, and Apolipoproteins as Risk Markers of Myocardial Infarction in 52 Countries (INTERHEART)

McQueen et al., 2008 · Case-control study

85

Lipoprotein(a) and Family History Predict Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Mehta et al., 2020 · Prospective cohort study

82

Incomplete source record

Mergen and Sartoretti, 2022 · Unknown

0

First In-Human Quantitative Plaque Characterization with Ultra-High Resolution Coronary Photon-Counting CT Angiography

Mergen et al., 2022 · Prospective observational study

55

Coronary Calcium Scans and Radiation Exposure in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Messenger et al., 2016 · Cohort study

85

Cardiac Device Clinical Trials: Where Are the Women and What Are Their Outcomes?

Minhas and Michos, 2020 · Editorial

25

Flux Analysis of Cholesterol Biosynthesis In Vivo Reveals Multiple Tissue and Cell-Type Specific Pathways

Mitsche et al., 2015 · Experimental study

75

Randomized Trial for Evaluation in Secondary Prevention Efficacy of Combination Therapy-Statin and Eicosapentaenoic Acid (RESPECT-EPA)

Miyauchi et al., 2024 · Randomized controlled trial

65

The Long-Term Prognostic Value Provided by Coronary CT Angiography

Mohammadi and Mohammadi, 2023 · Retrospective cohort study

55

Lipoprotein Particle Profiles by NMR Compared with Standard Lipids and Apolipoproteins in Predicting Cardiovascular Disease in Women

Mora et al., 2009 · Prospective cohort study

85

Discordance of LDL Cholesterol with Alternative LDL-Related Measures and Future Coronary Events

Mora et al., 2014 · Prospective cohort study

85

Discordance Between ApoB and LDL-C: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in a Multi-Ethnic Population

Mora et al., 2018 · Cross-sectional cohort study

85

Efficacy and Safety of Alirocumab in Statin-Intolerant Patients: Design of ODYSSEY ALTERNATIVE

Moriarty et al., 2014 · Clinical trial design paper

50

Can We Measure Vulnerable Plaques on Coronary CT Angiography with Both Precision and Accuracy?

Moss and Williams, 2021 · Editorial

40

Motion-Corrected Whole-Heart PET-MR for Simultaneous Visualisation of Coronary Artery Integrity and Myocardial Viability

Munoz et al., 2018 · Prospective validation study

50

Effect of EPA/DHA on Coronary High-Intensity Plaques by Noncontrast T1-Weighted Imaging (AQUAMARINE)

Nakao et al., 2024 · Randomized controlled trial

55

PRECISE Trial: Rationale and Design for a Precision Diagnostic Strategy in Stable Chest Pain

Nanna et al., 2022 · Clinical trial design paper

55

Fatty Streak Formation in Human Fetal Aortas Is Enhanced by Maternal Hypercholesterolemia

Napoli et al., 1997 · Observational study

75

Interplay of Coronary Artery Calcification and Traditional Risk Factors for the Prediction of All-Cause Mortality

Nasir et al., 2012 · Prospective cohort study

85

Polygenic Risk Score Identifies Subgroup with Higher Benefit from Intensive Statin Therapy in WOSCOPS

Natarajan et al., 2017 · Post-hoc analysis of RCT

85

Patient-Perceived Barriers to Statin Use and High-Intensity Statin Therapy

Navar et al., 2017 · Cross-sectional registry study

65

Influence of Weight Reduction on Blood Pressure: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Neter et al., 2003 · Meta-analysis

82

Effect of Evolocumab on Progression of Coronary Disease in Statin-Treated Patients (GLAGOV Trial)

Nicholls et al. (GLAGOV), 2016 · Randomized controlled trial

94

Effect of High-Dose Omega-3 Fatty Acids vs Corn Oil on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (STRENGTH)

Nicholls et al. (STRENGTH), 2020 · Randomized controlled trial

92

Effect of Two Intensive Statin Regimens on Progression of Coronary Disease (SATURN Trial)

Nicholls et al., 2011 · Randomized controlled trial

85

Effect of Evolocumab on Coronary Plaque Phenotype and Burden in Statin-Treated Patients with NSTEMI

Nicholls et al., 2022 · Randomized controlled trial

88

Bempedoic Acid and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Statin-Intolerant Patients (CLEAR Outcomes)

Nicholls et al., 2024 · Randomized controlled trial

88

Rationale and Design of the RESPECT-EPA Trial

Nishizaki et al., 2023 · Clinical trial design paper

45

Effect of Very High-Intensity Statin Therapy on Regression of Coronary Atherosclerosis (ASTEROID Trial)

Nissen et al. (ASTEROID), 2006 · Single-arm prospective study

82

Effect of Intensive Compared with Moderate Lipid-Lowering Therapy on Progression of Coronary Atherosclerosis (REVERSAL Trial)

Nissen et al., 2004 · Randomized controlled trial

88

Lipoprotein(a) Levels in a Global Patient Population with Established ASCVD (Lp(a)HERITAGE)

Nissen et al., 2022 · Cross-sectional study

80

Nonfasting Triglycerides and Risk of Myocardial Infarction, Ischemic Heart Disease, and Death in Men and Women

Nordestgaard et al., 2007 · Prospective cohort study

85

Lipoprotein(a), PCSK9 Inhibition, and Cardiovascular Risk: Insights from FOURIER

O'Donoghue et al., 2019 · Post-hoc analysis of RCT

88

Lipoprotein(a), PCSK9 Inhibition, and Cardiovascular Risk: Insights from FOURIER

O'Donoghue et al., 2019 · Post-hoc analysis of RCT

88

Small Interfering RNA to Reduce Lipoprotein(a) in Cardiovascular Disease (OCEAN(a)-DOSE)

O'Donoghue et al., 2022 · Phase 2 randomized controlled trial

88

IVUS versus Angiographic-Guided PCI in Long Coronary Lesions (TULIP Trial)

Oemrawsingh et al., 2002 · Randomized controlled trial

78

Multiparity and Ideal Cardiovascular Health Among Women in the MESA Study

Ogunmoroti et al., 2019 · Cross-sectional study

60

High-Resolution Late Gadolinium Enhancement Cardiac MRI: Feasibility Study

Ohta et al., 2022 · Feasibility study

50

Gender Differences in Patient-Reported Outcomes Among Adults with Established Cardiovascular Disease

Okunrintemi et al., 2018 · Cross-sectional study

62

The SYNTAX Score: A Grading System for Complex Coronary Artery Disease

Ong et al., 2006 · Clinical trial design paper

50

Low-Density Lipoprotein and High-Density Lipoprotein Particle Subclasses Predict Coronary Events and Are Favorably Changed by Gemfibrozil Therapy in the Veterans Affairs High-Density Lipoprotein Intervention Trial

Otvos et al., 2011 · Prospective cohort study

75

Sex and Race Differences in HDL-C in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

Ozaki et al., 2021 · Retrospective observational study

48

IVUS-Guided Versus Angiography-Guided Left Main Coronary Artery Stenting

Park et al., 2009 · Observational cohort study

65

Coronary Artery Calcium for Major Adverse Cardiovascular Event Prediction (SILICAS Study)

Parma et al., 2016 · Prospective observational study

58

Lp(a) Concentrations and Incident Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: New Insights From a Large National Biobank

Patel et al., 2021 · Prospective cohort study

90

Impact of SPECT MPI, PET MPI, CCTA and Stress Echo on Downstream Healthcare Utilization in CAD

Pelletier-Galarneau et al., 2024 · Retrospective comparative study

75

EPA and DHA Supplementation Increases HDL Content in n-3 Fatty Acids and Improves Endothelial Function in Hypertriglyceridemic Patients

Peña-de-la-Sancha et al., 2023 · Controlled clinical trial

48

Apolipoprotein B Improves Risk Assessment Beyond LDL-C and Non-HDL-C in the Framingham Heart Study

Pencina et al., 2015 · Prospective cohort study

85

The Role of Endothelial Cells in Atherosclerosis: Insights from Genetic Association Studies

Pepin & Gupta, 2024 · Narrative review

82

Accuracy of Low-Dose CT Angiography for In-Stent Restenosis Assessment in Iliac Arteries

Perisinakis et al., 2011 · Phantom study

40

Nattospes as Effective and Safe Functional Supplements in Management of Stroke

Pham et al., 2020 · Randomized controlled trial

45

Non-HDL Cholesterol and Apolipoprotein B in the Prediction of Coronary Heart Disease in Men

Pischon et al., 2005 · Prospective nested case-control study

75

Systemic Inflammation Predicts All-Cause Mortality: A Glasgow Inflammation Outcome Study

Proctor et al., 2015 · Prospective cohort study

85

Age-Specific Relevance of Usual Blood Pressure to Vascular Mortality: A Meta-Analysis of 1 Million Adults

Prospective Studies Collaboration, 2002 · Meta-analysis

95

High-Resolution Cardiac MRI for Identification of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction

Rahman et al., 2021 · Prospective observational study

72

Re-evaluation of the Traditional Diet-Heart Hypothesis: Minnesota Coronary Experiment Reanalysis

Ramsden et al., 2016 · Randomized controlled trial reanalysis

82

Safety and Efficacy of Bempedoic Acid to Reduce LDL Cholesterol (CLEAR Harmony)

Ray et al., 2019 · Randomized controlled trial

88

Inclisiran in Patients with Elevated LDL Cholesterol

Ray et al., 2020 · Randomized controlled trial

88

Lipoprotein(a) and Risk-Weighted Apolipoprotein B: A Novel Metric for Atherogenic Risk

Rehman and Tudrej, 2024 · Methodology/validation study

65

EPA Correlates Inversely with Ischemic Brain Infarcts in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

Reiner et al., 2021 · Cross-sectional observational study

55

On the Way to Routine Cardiac MRI at 7 Tesla: A Pilot Study of 84 Examinations

Reiter et al., 2021 · Pilot study

45

Clinical Study on the Effect of Nattokinase on Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis and Hyperlipidemia

Ren et al., 2017 · Randomized controlled trial

55

Outcomes in the ISCHEMIA Trial Based on CAD and Ischemia Severity

Reynolds et al., 2021 · Post-hoc subgroup analysis

80

Representation of Women Authors in International Heart Failure Guidelines and Clinical Trials

Reza et al., 2020 · Observational analysis

55

ApoB Is the Fundamental Driver of Atherogenic Risk: A Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Analysis

Richardson et al., 2020 · Mendelian randomization study

85

Non-HDL Cholesterol, ApoB, Standard Lipid Measures, and CRP as Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Women

Ridker et al., 2005 · Prospective cohort study

85

Rosuvastatin to Prevent Vascular Events in Men and Women with Elevated C-Reactive Protein (JUPITER)

Ridker et al., 2008 · Randomized controlled trial

92

Reduction in CRP and LDL-C and Cardiovascular Event Rates After Initiation of Rosuvastatin (JUPITER)

Ridker et al., 2009 · Prospective analysis of randomized trial

88

HDL Cholesterol and Residual Risk After Potent Statin Therapy: A JUPITER Analysis

Ridker et al., 2010 · Prespecified analysis of randomized trial

85

Antiinflammatory Therapy with Canakinumab for Atherosclerotic Disease (CANTOS)

Ridker et al., 2017 · Randomized controlled trial

90

Relationship of LDL-C and Lp(a) to Cardiovascular Risk in MESA

Rikhi et al., 2022 · Prospective cohort study

75

Meta-Analysis Comparing Effectiveness of Lowering ApoB vs LDL-C and Non-HDL-C for Cardiovascular Risk Reduction

Robinson et al., 2012 · Meta-analysis

80

Efficacy and Safety of Alirocumab in Reducing Lipids and Cardiovascular Events (ODYSSEY LONG TERM)

Robinson et al., 2015 · Randomized controlled trial

82

Correction of Respiratory and Cardiac Motion in Cardiac PET/MR Using MR-Based Motion Modeling

Robson et al., 2018 · Proof-of-concept study

55

Lipoprotein Apheresis for Lp(a)-Associated Cardiovascular Disease: 5-Year Prospective Follow-Up (Pro(a)LiFe)

Roeseler et al., 2016 · Prospective observational cohort study

78

Lipoprotein(a) Integrates Monocyte-Mediated Thrombosis and Inflammation in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

Rosenson et al., 2025 · Translational study

84

Long-Term Weight Loss Effects of Semaglutide in Obesity Without Diabetes in the SELECT Trial

Ryan et al., 2024 · Prespecified analysis of randomized trial

92

Efficacy and Safety of Evolocumab in Reducing Lipids and Cardiovascular Events (OSLER)

Sabatine et al., 2015 · Open-label randomized trial

75

Evolocumab and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease (FOURIER Trial)

Sabatine et al., 2017 · Randomized controlled trial

95

Effect of Pravastatin on Coronary Events After Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Average Cholesterol Levels (CARE Trial)

Sacks et al., 1996 · Randomized controlled trial

90

Effect of a Mediterranean Diet Supplemented with Nuts on Metabolic Syndrome Status (PREDIMED)

Salas-Salvadó et al., 2008 · Randomized controlled trial

82

Association of HDL Cholesterol Efflux Capacity with Incident Coronary Heart Disease Events

Saleheen et al., 2015 · Prospective nested case-control study

78

Reduced Plasma Desmosterol-to-Cholesterol Ratio and Longitudinal Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer's Disease

Sato et al., 2015 · Cohort study

65

Benefit of Adding Ezetimibe to Statin Therapy on Cardiovascular Outcomes and Regression of Atherosclerosis

Savarese et al., 2015 · Meta-analysis

90

Individual Variation in ApoB Levels Across the Spectrum of LDL-C or Non-HDL-C Levels

Sayed et al., 2024 · Cross-sectional study

75

Randomised Trial of Cholesterol Lowering in 4444 Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: The 4S Trial

Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study Group, 1994 · Randomized controlled trial

95

Cholesterol-Year Score and Severity of Calcific Atherosclerosis in Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Schmidt et al., 1996 · Observational cohort study

50

Alirocumab and Cardiovascular Outcomes after Acute Coronary Syndrome (ODYSSEY Outcomes)

Schwartz et al., 2018 · Randomized controlled trial

95

ApoB, LDL-C, and Non-HDL-C as Markers of Cardiovascular Risk: A Systematic Review of Discordance Analyses

Sehayek et al., 2025 · Systematic review

90

Lipoprotein Insulin Resistance Index: A Lipoprotein Particle-Derived Measure of Insulin Resistance

Shalaurova et al., 2014 · Observational validation study

60

Pravastatin in Elderly Individuals at Risk of Vascular Disease (PROSPER)

Shepherd et al., 2002 · Randomized controlled trial

85

Coronary CT Angiography with Photon-Counting CT: First-In-Human Results

Si-Mohamed et al., 2022 · Prospective comparative study

65

Repeating Patterns of Sleep Restriction and Recovery: Do We Get Used to It?

Simpson et al., 2016 · Randomized crossover study

70

Diagnostic Value of Cardiac MRI in the Evaluation of Arrhythmia and Cardiomyopathy

Singh et al., 2024 · Prospective observational study

50

Sudden Cardiac Death as First Manifestation of Cardiovascular Disease: A Nationwide Study of 54,028 Deaths

Skjelbred et al., 2025 · Nationwide population study

88

Photon-Counting CT vs Energy-Integrating CT for Coronary CT Angiography: Image Quality Comparison

Skoog et al., 2023 · Prospective observational study

55

Trends in PCSK9 Inhibitor Use After Price Reduction: A Real-World Analysis

Smith et al., 2021 · Retrospective cohort study

55

ApoB in Clinical Practice: Pro/Con Debate on Its Role as a Routine Lipid Marker

Sniderman and Robinson, 2019 · Debate article

65

Association of Coronary Atherosclerosis with Hyperapobetalipoproteinemia: Normal Cholesterol but Elevated ApoB

Sniderman et al., 1980 · Cross-sectional study

55

Concordance and Discordance Between ApoB and LDL-C in a Population with Mixed Hyperlipidemia

Sniderman et al., 2003 · Cross-sectional analysis

75

A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of the Relative Efficacy and Safety of Treatment With Statins for Assessing Cardiovascular Risk: Comparing ApoB, Non-HDL-C, and LDL-C

Sniderman et al., 2011 · Meta-analysis

88

ApoB and Non-HDL Cholesterol as Discordant Predictors of Coronary Artery Disease: INTERHEART Secondary Analysis

Sniderman et al., 2012 · Secondary analysis of cross-sectional case-control study

85

Applying ApoB to Clinical Practice: A Critique of Current Arguments Against Its Routine Use

Sniderman, 2007 · Commentary

45

The ApoB Blind Spot: How ACC/AHA Guidelines Underemphasize the Most Important Lipid Risk Marker

Sniderman, 2019 · Editorial

50

Apolipoprotein B: A Physiologic Argument for Its Use in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention

Sniderman, Pencina, and Thanassoulis, 2019 · Editorial

50

Effect of Intensive vs Standard Blood Pressure Control on Probable Dementia: A Randomized Clinical Trial

SPRINT MIND Investigators, 2019 · Randomized controlled trial

88

A Randomized Trial of Intensive versus Standard Blood-Pressure Control (SPRINT)

SPRINT Research Group, 2015 · Randomized controlled trial

95

Fasting and Nonfasting Lipids in Pediatric Patients: Implications for Universal Lipid Screening

Steiner et al., 2011 · Cross-sectional study

65

Potent Lp(a) Lowering Following Evolocumab Is Associated With Reduction in Arterial Wall Inflammation

Stiekema et al., 2018 · Randomized controlled trial

70

PROTECTION VI: Worldwide Dose Survey of Cardiac CT in Clinical Practice

Stocker et al., 2018 · Prospective multicenter registry

85

A Prospective Natural-History Study of Coronary Atherosclerosis (PROSPECT)

Stone et al., 2011 · Prospective cohort study

85

Sex Hormones and Coronary Artery Calcium Progression in Postmenopausal Women: MESA

Subramanya et al., 2018 · Prospective cohort study

65

A Novel Fibrinolytic Enzyme (Nattokinase) in the Vegetable Cheese Natto: A Typical Soybean Food Made from Fermented Soybeans

Sumi et al., 1987 · Basic science study

55

Dual-Source CT Angiography: Radiation Dose Optimization Using Phantom Study

Sun and Ng, 2010 · Phantom study

50

Dietary Supplementation of Fermented Soybean, Natto, Suppresses Intimal Thickening and Modulates the Lysis of Mural Thrombi After Endothelial Injury in Rat Femoral Artery

Suzuki et al., 2003 · Animal study

50

Lp(a) Lowering by Alirocumab Reduces the Total Burden of Cardiovascular Events: ODYSSEY OUTCOMES

Szarek et al., 2020 · Post-hoc analysis of randomized controlled trial

88

Lipoprotein(a) and Non-Lp(a) ApoB: Differential Atherogenicity per Particle in the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES Trial

Szarek et al., 2023 · Post-hoc analysis of randomized controlled trial

85

Ultra-High-Resolution CT for Coronary CT Angiography vs Invasive Coronary Angiography

Takagi et al., 2018 · Observational study

55

The EPA/AA Ratio as a Residual Risk Marker in Statin-Treated Coronary Artery Disease Patients

Tani et al., 2017 · Randomized controlled trial

55

EPA Supplementation and HDL Particle Heterogeneity in Statin-Treated Coronary Artery Disease Patients

Tani et al., 2020 · Randomized controlled trial

55

Natto and Viscous Vegetables in a Japanese-Style Breakfast Improved Insulin Sensitivity, Lipid Metabolism and Oxidative Stress in Overweight Subjects with Impaired Glucose Tolerance

Taniguchi-Fukatsu et al., 2012 · Randomized crossover trial

50

Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Colchicine after Myocardial Infarction (COLCOT)

Tardif et al., 2019 · Randomized controlled trial

88

Pharmacogenomics-Guided Dalcetrapib Therapy after an Acute Coronary Syndrome (dal-GenE)

Tardif et al., 2022 · Randomized controlled trial

70

Genetic Associations with Valvular Calcification and Aortic Stenosis: The CHARGE Consortium

Thanassoulis et al., 2013 · Genome-wide association study

92

ApoB vs Non-HDL-C vs LDL-C as Predictors of Statin Benefit: A Meta-Analysis

Thanassoulis et al., 2014 · Meta-analysis

75

A Benefit-Based Approach to Cholesterol-Lowering Prevention: A Proposal for Guideline-Friendly Individualization

Thanassoulis et al., 2017 · Commentary

45

Efficacy of Statins for Primary Prevention in People at Low Cardiovascular Risk: A Meta-Analysis

Tonelli et al., 2011 · Meta-analysis

88

Fractional Flow Reserve versus Angiography for Guiding Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (FAME)

Tonino et al., 2009 · Randomized controlled trial

88

ApoB vs LDL-P Discordance and Insulin Resistance: Analysis of a Large Clinical Population

Toth et al., 2015 · Cross-sectional study

65

ApoB Discordance with LDL-C and Coronary Artery Calcium in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Tsai et al., 2019 · Prospective cohort study

80

Oxidized Phospholipids, Lp(a) Lipoprotein, and Coronary Artery Disease

Tsimikas et al., 2005 · Cross-sectional study

88

Relationship of Oxidation-Specific Biomarkers, Lipoprotein(a), and Apolipoprotein(a) Isoforms with Coronary Heart Disease

Tsimikas et al., 2010 · Prospective nested case-control study

70

Safety and Efficacy of an Antisense Oligonucleotide to Apo(a) in Patients with Elevated Lp(a): ISIS-APO(a)Rx Phase 1 Trial

Tsimikas et al., 2015 · Phase 1 randomized clinical trial

82

Pelacarsen (TQJ230/APO(a)-LRx) for Lp(a) Lowering: Phase 2 Randomized Trial

Tsimikas et al., 2020 · Phase 2 randomized controlled trial

88

Impact of Dual Lipid-Lowering Strategy with Pitavastatin and Ezetimibe on Coronary Plaque Regression (PRECISE-IVUS)

Tsujita et al., 2015 · Randomized controlled trial

70

Intake of Fermented Soybean (Natto) Increases Circulating Vitamin K2 and Osteocalcin in Elderly Japanese Women

Tsukamoto et al., 2000 · Clinical trial

50

Deep Learning for Cardiac MRI Segmentation and Registration

Upendra et al., 2021 · Technical development study

45

Profibrinolytic Activity of Nattokinase (Subtilisin NAT): Cleavage of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1

Urano et al., 2001 · Basic science study

65

Polymorphism of Apolipoprotein(a): Lp(a) Concentration and Isoform Sizes in a Healthy Population

Utermann et al., 1987 · Case series

78

Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring and Long-Term Mortality in Asymptomatic Hypertensive Patients

Valenti et al., 2015 · Prospective cohort study

82

OxPL on Lp(a) Elicits Arterial Wall Inflammation and Monocyte Trafficking via LOX-1

van der Valk et al., 2016 · Translational study

85

Sleep Restriction Increases the Risk of Developing Cardiovascular Diseases by Augmenting Proinflammatory Responses via IL-17 and CRP

van Leeuwen et al., 2009 · Randomized controlled trial

65

CAD-RADS 2.0 and CTA-Based Risk Stratification for Long-Term MACE Prediction: C-CORE Registry

van Rosendael et al., 2023 · Prospective registry study

82

Remnant Cholesterol as a Causal Risk Factor for Ischemic Heart Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Varbo et al., 2013 · Mendelian randomization study

90

Accuracy of Noncontrast QISS MR Angiography Versus CT Angiography for Peripheral Artery Disease

Varga-Szemes et al., 2017 · Comparative diagnostic study

75

Antisense Oligonucleotides Targeting Apolipoprotein(a) in People with Raised Lipoprotein(a): Two Dose-Ranging Trials

Viney et al., 2016 · Randomized controlled trial

82

Plasma HDL Cholesterol and Risk of Myocardial Infarction: A Mendelian Randomisation Study

Voight et al., 2012 · Mendelian randomization study

88

Apolipoprotein B Identifies Dyslipidemic Phenotypes in Normocholesterolemic Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Wagner et al., 1999 · Cross-sectional clinical study

65

High ApoB, Low ApoA-I, and the ApoB/ApoA-I Ratio as Predictors of Fatal Myocardial Infarction: The AMORIS Study

Walldius et al., 2001 · Prospective cohort study

85

Stroke Mortality and the ApoB/ApoA-I Ratio: Results from the AMORIS Prospective Study

Walldius et al., 2006 · Prospective cohort study

75

Long-Term Risk of Major Cardiovascular Events by ApoB, ApoA-1, and the ApoB/ApoA-1 Ratio: The Swedish AMORIS Cohort

Walldius et al., 2021 · Prospective cohort study

85

Nattokinase Reduces Brain Infarction and Coagulation Parameters in Gerbil Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion

Wang et al., 2012 · Animal study

50

Risk Factors and Outcomes of Heart Failure Following First-Episode Acute Myocardial Infarction: 161,384 Cases

Wang et al., 2021 · Retrospective cohort study

65

Compounding Benefits of Cholesterol-Lowering Therapy for Major Cardiovascular Events: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Wang et al., 2022 · Systematic review and meta-analysis

87

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Eicosapentaenoic Acid in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease on Statins: The CHERRY Study

Watanabe et al., 2017 · Randomized controlled trial

75

Comparison of Conventional Lipoprotein Tests and Apolipoproteins in the Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease: UK Biobank

Welsh et al., 2019 · Prospective cohort study

90

Coronary Fatty Plaque Regression and Cardiac Events with EPA and DHA by Blood Pressure Status

Welty et al., 2023 · Randomized controlled trial

65

Machine Learning-Based CAC Score Prediction from Clinical Variables as a Prognostic Indicator

Wen et al., 2024 · Retrospective cohort study

60

WOSCOPS: Identification of High-Risk Groups and Comparison with Other Cardiovascular Intervention Trials

West of Scotland, 1996 · Subgroup analysis

70

Risks and Benefits of Estrogen Plus Progestin in Healthy Postmenopausal Women: Women's Health Initiative

WHI, 2002 · Randomized controlled trial

95

ApoB-LDL-C Discordance in Young Adults Predicts Coronary Artery Calcification at Midlife: CARDIA

Wilkins et al., 2016 · Prospective cohort study

80

Lp(a) Discrimination and Risk Reclassification: Prospective 15-Year Outcomes in the Bruneck Study

Willeit et al., 2014 · Prospective cohort study

75

Effect of Intensive vs Standard Blood Pressure Control on Probable Dementia: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Williamson et al., 2019 · Randomized controlled trial

88

Aortoiliac and Lower Extremity Arteries Assessed with 16-Detector Row CT Angiography vs Digital Subtraction Angiography

Willmann et al., 2005 · Prospective comparative study

75

Risk Factors and Progression of Atherosclerosis in Youth: PDAY Study

Wissler and Strong, 1998 · Autopsy study

80

IVUS Guidance and Clinical Outcomes After Drug-Eluting Stents: The ADAPT-DES Study

Witzenbichler et al., 2013 · Prospective cohort study

80

Lipoprotein(a) and Long-Term Cardiovascular Risk in a Multi-Ethnic Pooled Prospective Cohort

Wong et al., 2024 · Pooled prospective cohort study

90

Noncontrast QISS MRA at 3T vs CT Angiography for Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease

Wu et al., 2016 · Comparative diagnostic study

60

Nattokinase Breaks the Vicious Loop Between Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Coagulation via LPS-Induced Macrophage Signaling

Wu et al., 2020 · Experimental study

75

Simultaneous CT Angiography of Lower Extremity and Coronary Arteries Using 256-Slice CT: Feasibility Study

Xie et al., 2015 · Feasibility study

55

Thrombolytic Effects of Nattokinase In Vivo in a Carrageenan-Induced Rat Thrombosis Model

Xu et al., 2014 · Animal study

50

Landmark Detection in Cardiac MRI by Convolutional Neural Network

Xue et al., 2021 · Technical development study

70

Nattokinase-Promoted tPA Release From Human Cells: Indirect Fibrinolytic Mechanism

Yatagai et al., 2008 · In vitro study

50

Prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease in Symptomatic Patients with Zero CAC Score by Age Group

Yu et al., 2021 · Cross-sectional study

65

Effect of Potentially Modifiable Risk Factors Associated with Myocardial Infarction in 52 Countries: The INTERHEART Study

Yusuf et al. (INTERHEART), 2004 · Case-control study

95

Molecular Interactions Between Nattokinase and Heparin/Glycosaminoglycans

Zhang et al., 2015 · In vitro biochemical study

65

Race and Sex Differences in Silent Myocardial Infarction Incidence and Prognosis: ARIC Study

Zhang et al., 2016 · Prospective cohort study

82

IVUS Versus Angiography-Guided Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation: The ULTIMATE Trial

Zhang et al., 2018 · Randomized controlled trial

85

N-Acetyl Cysteine Protects Vascular Endothelial Cells Against LPS-Induced Inflammation via NF-κB Pathway

Zhang et al., 2019 · In vitro study

55

Trial of Intensive Blood-Pressure Control in Older Patients with Hypertension (STEP)

Zhang et al., 2021 · Randomized controlled trial

90

Endogenous Sex Hormones and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in Postmenopausal Women: MESA

Zhao et al., 2018 · Prospective cohort study

80

Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Prioritizes ApoB as Key Lipid Risk Factor for Coronary Artery Disease

Zuber et al., 2021 · Mendelian randomization study

88